The Alps are home to more than 30,000 animal and 13,000 plant species. Almost 30% of the Alpine area is protected, but many species roam over larger distances. Therefore, we need to provide so-called ecological corridors and “steppingstones”. It is important that the whole territory remains permeable and liveable for all species. Large carnivores (wolf, bear and lynx) and wild ungulates (ibex, chamois, red deer, etc.) are an important part of the Alpine imagery and ecosystem but may enter into conflict with human activities such as pastoralism, forestry and hunting. Sustainable wildlife management requires that we balance and harmonize the various interests. Well-balanced solutions have to be sought in cooperation with all involved actors (Article 2, 2f of the Framework Convention).